Unacceptable Ingredients
The list of chemicals in this section is by no means complete.There are thousands upon thousands of individual chemicals inproducts that are available for consumer use, most of whichhave not been adequately tested for their effects on human andenvironmental health. This list is a brief summary of some ofthe more frequently encountered consumer chemicals that, inour opinion, should not be used in any product, especially andmost critically those marketed as “environmentally responsible.”The list contains chemicals whose effects on human andenvironmental health are sufficiently hazardous to precludetheir use under any circumstances.While you may use this list as a general guide to selectingproducts and ingredients, individual purchasing decisions shouldbe made on an as-thorough-as-possible analysis of the product’sspecific ingredients, which may or may not appear on this list.By the same token, while each entry contains as complete a listas possible of the types of household products that mightincorporate the chemical or class of chemicals in question,it is possible that a particular ingredient may be found inproduct types not mentioned here.Unless otherwise noted, the term “synthetic” refers tochemicals made from petroleum. Synthetic chemicals aregenerally undesirable. In addition to any specific local healthor environmental impacts the use of a synthetic chemical maycause, they are made from petroleum, a non-renewableresource whose extraction, refining and transportation cancause major environmental degradation. Manufacture ofsynthetics is also often an energy intensive process that mayintroduce a variety of toxic chemicals into air and water.Many do not readily biodegrade and thus bioaccumulate inthe environment.As you begin, a word of encouragement is in order. There areover five million known chemicals. Each must have its ownname so scientists can differentiate between them. As a result,chemical names tend to be long and difficult to pronounce.Don’t be intimidated by names or pronunciations.Unfortunately, most chemicals also have more than onename. Some even have 10 or more! If you choose to doyour own research, try using the system of CAS (ChemicalAbstract Services) numbers to help eliminate confusion.If a product’s ingredients are not fully and completelydisclosed on its label, we strongly recommend avoidingthat product.The ChemicalsAlkanolamines(also monoethanolamine,diethanolamine,triethanolamine)A family of synthetic surfactants andsolvents, this group of compounds isused to neutralize acids in products tomake them non-irritating.Alkanolamines are slow to biodegrade.Diethanolamine can react with nitrogenoxides in the atmosphere or with sodium nitrite to formdiethanolnitrosamine, a probablecarcinogen.Found in:Personal care products and somedetergents.Alkyl aryl sodium sulfonates(see Alkyl benzene sulfonates [ABS])Alkyl benzene sulfonates or ABS(also linear alkyl benzene sulfonatesor LAS) A class of synthetic surfactants(see Surfactants for more information).ABS are very slow to biodegrade andare seldom used. LAS, which degrade toa greater extent than ABS, are the mostcommon surfactants in use. During themanufacturing process, carcinogens andreproductive toxins such as benzene arereleased into the environment. WhileLAS do biodegrade, they do so slowly.LAS are synthetic and are of low tomoderate toxicity. The pure compoundsmay cause skin irritation on prolongedcontact, just like soap. Allergic reactionsare rare. Because oleo-based alternativesare available, LAS should not be used.Found in:Laundry detergents (usually identified as“anionic surfactants”) all-purposecleaners, hard surface cleaners.Alkyl benzyl sulfonates(see Alkyl benzene sulfonates [ABS])Alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanols(also nonyl phenoxy ethoxylate or nonylphenol, or APEs) This is a general namefor a group of synthetic surfactants(see Surfactants for more information).They are slow to biodegrade in theenvironment and have been implicatedin chronic health problems. Researchersin England have found that in traceamounts they activate estrogenreceptors in cells, which in turn alterthe activity of certain genes. Forexample, in experiments they have beenfound to stimulate the growth of breastcancer cells and feminize male fish. Onemember of this family of chemicalsis used as a common spermicide,indicating the general level of highbiological toxicity associated withthese compounds.Found in:Laundry detergents, all-purpose cleaners,hard surface cleaners.AmmoniaAmmonia is a natural substance, andessential to all life on Earth. Our bodiesroutinely incorporate ammonia into ourmetabolic processes. However, in highconcentrations ammonia is an irritantthat affects the skin, eyes and respiratory passages. The symptomsof extreme ammonia exposure are: aburning sensation in the eyes, nose andthroat; pain in the lungs; headache;nausea; coughing; and increasedbreathing rate. Ammonia is includedas a toxic chemical on the EPA’sCommunity Right-to-Know list andthe EPA has set limits on permissiblelevels in bodies of water. The FDA alsoregulates the amount of ammoniumcompounds in food. OSHA regulatesthe maximum allowable levels in theair to protect workers. Avoid cleaningproducts that use high concentrationsof ammonia.Found in: window cleaners.Amyl acetateA volatile solvent, amyl acetate is foundin banana oil and is also producedsynthetically. In high concentrations,amyl acetate is a neurotoxin implicatedin central nervous system depression.Therefore, you should avoid excessiveuse of cleaners with volatile substanceslike amyl acetate. If you do use suchcleaners, be sure to work in wellventilatedareas.Found in:Furniture polishes, bananas.Anionic surfactants(see alkyl benzene sulfonates)Aromatic hydrocarbonsA class of synthetic compounds used assolvents and grease cutters, these aremembers of the carcinogenic benzenefamily of chemicals. Though not all arecarcinogenic, aromatic hydrocarbonsshould nonetheless be consideredhazardous. Aromatic hydrocarbons alsocontaminate air and groundwater.(Once underground they cannoteasily evaporate, and little biologicalactivity exists there to cause them tobiodegrade.)Found in:Heavy-duty degreasers, deodorizers.Artificial fragrancesArtificial fragrances are made frompetroleum. Many do not degrade inthe environment, and may have toxiceffects on both fish and mammals.Some are suspected hormone disruptors,or suspected carcinogens. Additionally,they often can cause allergies and skinor eye irritation.Artificial colors:Artificial colors are made frompetroleum, though some are madefrom coal. Many do not degrade in theenvironment and also have toxic effectson both fish and mammals. Some aresuspected carcinogens. They seldomserve any useful purpose. Additionally,they often can cause allergies and skinor eye irritation.Benzalkonium chlorideA synthetic disinfectant andbacteriacide, this chemical is biologicallyactive (meaning it can negatively affectliving organisms). Benzalkoniumchloride is a member of the class ofdisinfectants referred to as “Quats.”Quats are slow to degrade in theenvironment and are highly toxicto aquatic life. The widespread,indiscriminate use of bacteriacidesis also now causing the emergence ofnew strains of bacteria that are resistantto them. Benzalkonium chloride, andother synthetic disinfectants, shouldbe avoided for these reasons.Found in:Spray disinfectants, disinfecting cleaners,disinfecting hand soaps and lotions.Benzene(also benzol, benzole, annulene,benzene, phenyl hydride, coal naphtha)Made from petroleum and coal, benzeneis classified by the International Agencyfor Research on Cancer as a carcinogen,is listed in the 1990 Clean Air Act as ahazardous air pollutant, and is on theEPA’s Community Right-to-Know list.Found in:Oven cleaners, degreasers, furniturepolish, spot removers. Benzene is seldoman ingredient in consumer products.However, it may be present as animpurity in other chemicals, especiallypetroleum solvents.Butoxyethanol (see butyl cellosolve)Butyl cellosolve(also butoxyethanol, butyl oxitol,ethylene glycol, monobutyl ether)A toxic synthetic solvent and greasecutter that can irritate mucousmembranes and cause liver and kidneydamage. Butyl cellosolve is also aneurotoxin that can depress thenervous system and cause a varietyof associated problems.Found in:Spray cleaners, all-purpose cleaners,abrasive cleaners.Butyl oxitol(see butyl cellosolve)Caustic soda(see sodium hydroxide)Chlorine(also known as hypochlorite, sodiumhypochlorite, sodiumdichloroisocyanurate, hydrogenchloride, hydrochloric acid) Chlorinewas first manufactured on an industrialscale in the early 1900s. It was used as apowerful poison in World War I.Chlorine is the household chemicalmost frequently involved in householdpoisonings in the U.S. Chlorine alsoranks first in causing industrial injuriesand deaths resulting from largeindustrial accidents. Chlorine is anacutely toxic chemical created throughthe energy intensive electrolysis ofwater. This manufacturing process alsocreates extremely toxic byproducts.Sodium hypochlorite (known ashousehold bleach, a 5% solution ofsodium hypochlorite) is a chemicalprecursor of chlorine and shouldbe treated as such because anyuse will create pure chlorine inthe environment. Sodiumdichloroisocyanurate, typically foundin automatic dishwasher products,also releases chlorine during use.In addition to its direct toxic effects onliving organisms, chlorine reacts withorganic materials in the environmentto create other hazardous andcarcinogenic toxins, includingtrihalomethanes and chloroform(THMs), and organochlorines, anextremely dangerous class of compoundsthat cause reproductive, endocrine andimmune system disorders. The most wellknown organochlorine is dioxin.Products containing chlorine (or any ofits derivatives or precursors, includingsodium hypochlorite) should beconsidered highly unacceptable.Similarly, any chemical with “-chlor-”as part of its name, or any ingredientlisted as “bleach” (except non-chlorine,or oxygen, bleach) should be consideredunacceptable as this nomenclatureindicates the presence of a potentiallytoxic and environmentally damagingchlorinated compound. Chlorine andchlorinated compounds are also aprime cause of atmospheric ozoneloss. Chlorine use in the laundryalso degrades both natural andsynthetic fibers.Chlorine is listed in the 1990 Clean AirAct as a hazardous air pollutant and ison the EPA’s Community Right-to-Know list. In 1993, the American PublicHealth Association issued a resolutioncalling for the gradual phaseout of mostorganochlorine compounds.Found in:Laundry bleach, disinfecting cleaners,scouring powders, automatic dishwasherdetergent, and basin, tub and tilecleaners.Chlorophene(see o-Benzyl-p-chlorophenol)Cocamide DEA(also cocamide diethanolamine, fattyacid diethanolamines, fatty aciddiethanolamides) Even though thissurfactant, which is a foam stabilizer,is made from coconut oils, it isunacceptable because it containsdiethanolamine. This syntheticcomponent can react with sodiumnitrate or nitrate oxides to formcarcinogenic compounds callednitrosamines.Found in:Dishwashing liquids, shampoos, cosmetics.Cocamide diethanolamine(see cocamide DEA)Crystalline silicaCrystalline silica is carcinogenic andacts as an eye, skin and lung irritant.Found in:Scouring cleaners.Diammonium EDTA(see EDTA)Diethanolamine(see Alkanolamines)1,4-Dioxane(also diethylene dioxide, diethyleneether, diethylene oxide—not to beconfused with dioxin). Dioxaneis a solvent classified by the EPA as aprobable human carcinogen, and someresearch suggests that it may suppressthe immune system. Dioxane is listed inthe 1990 Clean Air Act as a hazardousair pollutant and is on the EPA’sCommunity Right-to-Know list.Found in:Window cleaners.Diethylene oxide(see Dioxane)EDTA(ethylenediaminetetraacetate) A classof synthetic compounds used to reducecalcium and magnesium hardness inwater. EDTA is also used to preventbleaching agents from becoming activebefore they’re immersed in water, and asa foam stabilizer. EDTA does not readilybiodegrade and once introduced intothe general environment can redissolvetoxic heavy metals trapped inunderwater sediments, allowingthem to re-enter and recirculate inthe food chain.Found in:Laundry detergents, all-purposecleaners, and cosmetic products.Ethyl cellosolveThis synthetic solvent is both a nasalirritant and a neurotoxin (see Butylcellosolve).Found in:All-purpose cleaners.Ethylene glycol(also ethylene dihydrate, ethylenealcohol) This synthetic solvent is both anasal irritant and a neurotoxin (seeSolvents). Its vapors contribute to theformation of urban ozone pollution.Ethylene glycol is listed in the 1990Clean Air Act as a hazardous airpollutant and is on the EPA’sCommunity Right-to-Know list.Found in:All-purpose cleaners, automotiveantifreeze.Ethylene glycol monobutylether(see butyl cellosolve)Fatty acid alkanol amides/aminesThese surfactants are made by reactingan ethanolamine with a fatty acidobtained from either syntheticpetroleum sources or natural vegetableoils. (Most fatty acids are producedsynthetically as this method is currentlyless expensive.) Excess diethanolaminein fatty acid diethanol amides can reactwith materials in the environment toform nitrosamines (see Alkanolamines).Found in:Shampoos and conditioners, liquid dishdetergents, cleansers, and polishes.Fatty acid diethanolamines(see cocamide DEA)FormaldehydeAlthough not common as a primaryingredient, formaldehyde is presentas a contaminant in many consumerhousehold products. It is a knownhuman carcinogen and respiratoryirritant. Formaldehyde may appearas a preservative. Products containingthis chemical should be consideredunacceptable.Found in:Deodorizers, disinfectants, germicides,adhesives, permanent press fabrics,particleboard.GermicidesA broad category of usually syntheticbacteriacides. While some germicidalingredients are natural (tea tree oil,borax), it is safe to assume that anygermicide ingredient has a syntheticsource until proven otherwise. Formore information, see benzalkoniumchloride above.Found in:Spray disinfectants, disinfectingcleaners, disinfecting hand soaps andlotions.Glycol ethers(see butyl cellosolve)Hydrochloric acid(also see chlorine and muriatic acid)A strong mineral or “inorganic” acid.In high concentrations, it is extremelycorrosive.Found in:Toilet bowl cleaners.Hypochlorite(see chlorine)Hydrogen chloride(see hydrochloric acid)Kerosene(also mineral spirits) A syntheticdistillate used as a grease cutter,kerosene can damage lung tissues anddissolve the fatty tissue that surroundsnerve cells. Mineral spirits and aromatichydrocarbon solvents function similarlyand often contain the carcinogenbenzene as an impurity.Found in:Heavy-duty degreasers, furniturepolishes, all-purpose cleaners andscouring cleaners (use of kerosene inthese last product categories is rare).Linear alkyl benzene sulfonatesor LAS(see alkyl benzene sulfonates)Linear alkyl sulfonates(see alkyl benzene sulfonates)Methanol(also methyl alcohol) A solvent derivedfrom wood or petroleum, methanol isacutely toxic and can cause blindness.Found in:Glass cleaners.Methyl alcohol(see methanol above)Mineral acids(see hydrochloric acid)Mineral spirits(see kerosene)Monoethanolamine(see Alkanolamines)MorpholineA toxic synthetic solvent that can causeliver and kidney damage. While thisingredient is rare in consumer products,its extreme toxicity warrants itsinclusion on this list.Found in:All-purpose cleaners and abrasivecleaners, waxes, polishes, antisepticproducts.Muriatic acid(see hydrochloric acid)Naphthas(see petroleum distillates)NaphthaleneA member of the carcinogenic benzenefamily derived from coal tar or madesynthetically. Known to bioaccumulatein marine organisms, naphthalenecauses allergic skin reactions andcataracts, alters kidney function andis extremely toxic to children.Found in:Deodorizers, carpet cleaners,toilet deodorizers.Nitrilotriacetic acid(see NTA)Nonyl-phenol(see alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanols)Nonyl phenoxy ethoxylate(see alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanols)NTA (Nitrilotriacetic acid)This carcinogenic phosphate substituteis banned in the U.S. As with EDTA,it can free heavy metals in theenvironment and reintroduce theminto the food chain. NTA is slow tobiodegrade.Found in:No U.S. manufactured products.However, imported products, especiallylaundry detergents, should bescrutinized to ensure that no NTAhas escaped regulatory attention.o-Benzyl-p-chlorophenol(also 4-chloro-a-phenyl o-cresol,chlorophene) A synthetic disinfectused in hand soaps, this is a chlorinatedhydrocarbon and is thereforeunacceptable. Bacterial resistancehazards associated with theindiscriminate use of disinfectants(see benzalkonium chloride abovefor more information) can also occurwith use.Found in:Hand soaps.Optical brightenersOptical brighteners are a broadclassification of many different syntheticchemicals that, when applied toclothing, convert UV light to visiblelight, thus making laundered clothesappear “whiter.” Their inclusion in anyformula does not enhance or affect theproduct’s cleaning performance in anyway; they simply trick the eye. Opticalbrighteners do not readily biodegrade.They are toxic to fish when washed intothe general environment and can causeallergic reactions when in contact withskin that is then exposed to sunlight.Most optical brighteners are given tradenames which consumers are unlikely tosee on a label.Found in:Laundry detergents.Organic solvents(see also kerosene, petroleum distillates,petroleum hydrocarbons)A category of solvents and greasecuttersof mostly synthetic origin (organic inthis instance refers to their petroleumorigins). All chemicals in this categoryare generally neurotoxins and nervoussystem depressants.Found in:All-purpose cleaners, degreasers,furniture polishes, and metal polishes.p-Dichlorobenzene(see Paradichlorobenzene)Paradichlorobenzene(also p-Dichlorobenzene, PDCB)A chlorinated synthetic associated withchronic toxicities and of environmentalconcern. Paradichlorobenzene is anendocrine disrupter and carcinogen.It does not readily biodegrade.Found in:Mothballs and deodorizers.PDCB(see Paradichlorobenzene)Perchloroethylene (also “Perc”)A chlorinated solvent used mostcommonly in the dry cleaning process,“Perc” is implicated in 90% of allgroundwater contamination.Found in:Degreasers, spot removers, dry cleaningfluids.Petroleum-based waxesA broad category of synthetic waxes.Although they may appear in productslike butcher’s wax, typically these areused for polishing or waxing inconjunction with a solvent and a spray.Once sprayed, the solvent evaporates(creating air pollution) and leaves thewax behind as a residue. Additionally,spraying is an inefficient way to apply aproduct and ingredients that rely onspraying for dispersal are suspect.Found in:Furniture polishes and floor waxes.Petroleum distillates(also petroleum naphthas) A broadcategory encompassing almost everychemical obtained directly from thepetroleum refining process. Anyingredient listed as a “petroleumdistillate” or “naphtha” should besuspect as it is, firstly a synthetic and,secondly, likely to cause one or moredetrimental health or environmentaleffects.Found in:Furniture and floor polishes, degreasers,and all-purpose cleaners.PhosphatesA key nutrient in ecosystems, phosphatesare natural minerals important to themaintenance of all life. Their role inlaundry detergents is to remove hardwater minerals and thus increase theeffectiveness of the detergentsthemselves. They are also adeflocculating agent; that is, theyprevent dirt from settling back ontoclothes during washing. While relativelynon-irritating and non-toxic in theenvironment, they nonethelesscontribute to significant eutrophicationof waterways and create unbalancedecosystems by fostering dangerouslyexplosive marine plant growth (seeEutrophication under “Water Impact” inthe section “What Makes an IngredientUndesirable?”). For these reasons theyare banned or restricted in many states.Products containing phosphates shouldbe considered unacceptable. Almost allautomatic dishwasher detergentscontain phosphates.Found in:Laundry detergents, all-purpose cleaners,automatic dishwasher detergents.Phosphoric acid(also mataphosphoric acid,orthophosphoric acid) Phosphoric acidis a “mineral” acid, like hydrochloricacid. In high concentrations,phosphoric acid is highly corrosive.Phosphoric acid is included as a toxicchemical on the EPA’s CommunityRight-to-Know list. It is also controlledunder the Clean Air Act as an airpollutant. OSHA regulates themaximum allowable levels in theworkplace to protect workers.Found in:Bathroom cleaners.Polyethylene glycol(also PEG) Another type of antiredepositionagent, PEG is a polymermade from ethylene oxide and is similarto some non-ionic detergents. Notconsidered toxic, it takes large doses tobe lethal in animals. However, PEG isslow to degrade and is synthetic.Found in:Laundry detergents, cosmetic products,food products.Propylene glycolA synthetic solvent much like ethyleneglycol. Of the two, propylene glycol isless toxic, and it is often touted as a“safe” alternative in automotiveantifreeze.Quaternium 15An alkyl ammonium chloride used as asurfactant, disinfectant and deodorantthat releases formaldehyde. SeeBenzalkonium chloride.Found in:Sanitizing all-purpose cleaners,deodorizers, and disinfectants.Soda lye(see sodium hydroxide)Sodium dichloroisocyanurate(see chlorine)Sodium hydroxide(also lye, caustic soda, white caustic,soda lye). Sodium hydroxide is derivedeither from soda ash mined in thewestern U.S. or from the electrolysisof brine (sea water) as a co-productof chlorine. It is a strong, causticsubstance and causes severe corrosivedamage to eyes, skin and mucousmembranes, as well as the mouth,throat, esophagus and stomach. Injurycan be immediate. Blindness is reportedin animals exposed to as little as a 2%dilution for just one minute. Skin istypically damaged when exposed to0.12% dilutions for a period of one hour.Tests with healthy volunteers exposed tothe chemical in the spray from ovencleaners showed that respiratory tractirritation developed in 2 to 15 minutes.Sodium hydroxide is ubiquitous in theenvironment. However, it should beavoided in high concentrations (usuallyindicated by the terms Caution!!Corrosive!! on cleaning products).Sodium hydroxide is included as a toxicchemical on the EPA’s CommunityRight-to-Know list. It is also acontrolled substance in the workplace,and OSHA has set limitations onconcentrations in the air.Found in:Oven cleaners, drain cleaners.Sodium hypochlorite (see chlorine)Stoddard solventA petroleum distillate used as a solventand degreaser. (see kerosene)SurfactantsFound in:Laundry products, all-purpose cleaners,dish detergent and dish liquids, andmost other common cleaning products.Tetrapotassium polyphosphateor TSPBasic phosphates (tetrasodium being themore common of the two) used toreduce water hardness. See phosphates.Found in:Laundry detergents, all-purposecleaners, dishwasher detergents.Trichloroethane(also methyltrichloromethane, TCA,methyl chloroform, chloroethane). Achlorinated solvent used for cleaningand degreasing, it is known tocontribute to depletion of stratosphericozone and was scheduled to be phasedout by 2002. Trichloroethane is listed inthe 1990 Clean Air Act as a hazardousair pollutant and is on the EPA’sCommunity Right-to-Know list.Triethanolamine(see Alkanolamines)Xylene sulfonateA surfactant made from xylene, apetrochemical, and sulfuric acid. Slowto biodegrade in the environment.Found in:Laundry products, all-purpose cleaners,dish detergent.Part 5:
Further Suggested Reading
The Non-Toxic Times,our own free Seventh Generation e-newsletter, coversa wide variety of issues relating to toxins in the home andenvironment. Delivered via e-mail, each monthly edition offersreaders a wealth of current toxins news and views, strategies forhealthier living, information on specific toxins and safer alternatives,book and web site reviews, and other related features. To sign up fora free subscription, go to .Toxic Deception: How the Chemical Industry Manipulates Science,Bends the Law, and Endangers Your Health,by Dan Fagin, Marianne Lavelle and the Center for Science in thePublic Interest. Birch Lane Press, 1996.This is an exceptional book that explains in great detail why wecan’t depend on the EPA to protect us from dangerous chemicals.Our Stolen Future,by Theo Colburn, Dianne Dumanoski and John Peterson Myers.Plume/Penguin, 1997.If you only read one book on this list—read this one. It explains howchlorine, dioxin and the whole class of hazardous and carcinogenictoxins cause reproductive, developmental, endocrine and immunesystem disorders.Living Downstream: An Ecologist Looks at Cancer and theEnvironment, by Sandra Steingraber. Addison Wesley, 1997.This book is both exhaustively researched and beautifully written.Sandra compellingly documents her case that 80% of all cancer isenvironmentally related and carefully looks at the chemicals thatmay be to blame. Highly recommended!Toxics A - Z: A Guide to Everyday Pollution Hazards,by John Harte, Cheryl Holdren, Richard Schneider and ChristineShirley. University of California Press, 1991.Staying Well in a Toxic World,by Lynn Lawson. The Noble Press, 1993.A Consumer’s Dictionary of Household, Yard and OfficeChemicals, by Ruth Winter. Crown Publishing, 1992.The Non-Toxic Home and Office: Protecting Yourself and YourFamily From Everyday Toxics and Health Hazards,by Debra Lynn Dadd. Jeremy Tarcher, 1992.Rachel’s Environment and Health Weekly,an outstanding newsletter published weekly by the EnvironmentalResearch Foundation, 105 Eastern Ave., Suite 101, Annapolis, MD21403. (410) 263-1584.48The Sierra Club Green Guide,by Andrew J. Feldman. Sierra Club Books.This guide is the most comprehensive we’ve found to resources andorganizations dealing with environmental health and toxics issues.Safe Shopper’s Bible: A Consumer’s Guide to Non-ToxicHousehold Products, Cosmetics, and Food,by David Steinman and Samuel S. Epstein, M.D.Macmillan, 1995.This book has the most complete evaluation of brand namehousehold products we have ever seen. Highly recommended!Home Safe Home: Protecting Yourself and Your Family fromEveryday Toxics and Harmful Household Products,by Debra Lynn Dadd. Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam, 1997.For a more detailed discussion of how to make your homeless toxic, this book is great!Living Healthy in a Toxic World,by David Steinman and R. Michael Wisner. Perigee, 1996.Part 6: Bibliography1. Green Seal Standards, GS-8; Environmental Standardfor General Purpose Household Cleaners. First Edition,November 2, 1993.2. Annual Report on Carcinogens, U.S. Departmentof Health and Human Services, National Toxicology Program.3. Toxics A - Z: A Guide to Everyday Pollution Hazards, by John Harte, Cheryl Holdren,Richard Schneider, and Christine Shirley. University of California Press, 1991.4. Chemical Exposure & Human Health: A Reference to 314 Chemicals, Cynthia Wilson.McFarland & Co., 1993.5. The VNR Dictionary of Environmental Health and Safety, Frank S. Lisella, VanNostrand Reinhold, 1994.6. The Merck Index, Merck Co., 12th Edition.7. Living Downstream: An Ecologist Looks at Cancer and the Environment, SandraSteingraber. Addison Wesley, 1997.8. Toxic Deception: How the Chemical Industry Manipulates Science,Bends the Law, and Endangers Your Health,Dan Fagin, Marianne Lavelle and the Center for Sciencein the Public Interest. Birch Lane Press, 1996.9. Our Stolen Future, Theo Colburn, Dianne Dumanoski and John Peterson Myers.Plume/Penguin, 1997.10. Safe Shopper’s Bible, David Steinman and Samuel S. Epstein, M.D. Macmillan, 1995.49212 Battery Street, Suite A, Burlington, VT 05401802-658-3773 (phone) 802-658-1771 (fax)Copyright 2004, All Rights Reserved   Infinite Health Resources does not at any point, for any circumstances suggest that you do not follow or stop medical advice of your physician. We do not advocate any drugs that has not been prescribed by your physician, nor suggest that we are medical doctors nor are we giving medical advice. Infinite Health Resources is here purely as a resource. |
